Population Council Research that makes a difference

Banner photo: Women attending an antenatal clinic in northern Uganda.

Overview

The Population Council has operated in Uganda since 2000.  Research is focused in all three Council program areas: HIV and AIDS; poverty, gender, and youth; and reproductive health.

Current Population Council research and programs in Uganda focus on savings vehicles for vulnerable adolescent girls, assessing and improving the measurement of sexual behaviors among young women, and addressing the sexual and reproductive health needs of adolescents living with HIV. Past projects have focused more on HIV prevention and program evaluation and improving the sustainable methods of distributing contraceptive products.

Uganda is one of 11 countries participating in the African Forum on Emergency Contraception, or ECafrique, a network that seeks to increase the availability of high-quality emergency contraception (EC) services in Africa. In addition, the Council is providing technical assistance to the PEPFAR Initiative on Sexual and Gender-based Violence.

Highlights of past and present work

  • Provide the Ugandan government with information on current HIV prevention programs that will inform future HIV programming and policies in Uganda, and provide technical assistance to ensure accurate and efficient monitoring and evaluation of programs countrywide.
  • Tap into microfinance institutions and commercial banks to develop appropriate products and services for adolescent girls, delivered in the context of a program that encourages their engagement and empowerment.
  • Assess and improve the validity and reliability of reporting of sexual behavior in survey research using computerized self-interviewing.

Banner photo: © 2007 Antje Becker-Benton, courtesy of Photoshare

Projects

Addressing the Balance of Burden in AIDS (ABBA) (more)
The Population Council is working within the ABBA Research Programme Consortium on an intervention targeting adolescents in secondary schools in peri-urban communities in the Durban metro area of South Africa.
(6/2006 - ongoing)
HIV care, support, and treatment; Vulnerable populations

Audio Computer-assisted Self-interviewing (ACASI) and Microbicides (more)
Council researchers are conducting behavioral and social science research about microbicides using ACASI.
(1/2006 - ongoing)
Microbicides

ECafrique (more)
The African Forum on Emergency Contraception, or ECafrique, is a bilingual, international network of health care and business professionals that seeks to increase the availability of high-quality emergency contraception (EC) services in Africa.
(1/2002 - ongoing)
Access to contraceptive methods

Evaluation of Voucher and Accreditation Interventions for Improving Business Models Applied to Reproductive Health Service Delivery Platforms (more)
The Population Council is studying health voucher programs in East Africa and South Asia and sharing findings with national and global partners.
(10/2009 - 12/2012)
Health care financing; Newborn/infant health; Postpartum maternal care; Private/commercial-sector services; Safe pregnancy/antenatal and delivery care

Safe and Smart Savings Products for Vulnerable Adolescent Girls in Kenya and Uganda (more)
Working with financial institutions and girls’ programs in Kenya and Uganda, Council researchers are developing appropriate ways for adolescent girls to save money.
(6/2008 - 5/2011)
Financial literacy/livelihoods; Youth/transitions to adulthood

Assessing and Improving the Measurement of Sexual Behaviors (more)
Council researchers are conducting a series of studies assessing the reporting of sexual behavior in survey research and the use of audio computer-assisted self-interviews (audio-CASI) as a technique for providing more reliable and valid information.
(1/2000 - 1/2009)
Sexuality and sexual behavior

Demographic Data for Development (more)
The Demographic Data for Development project conducted case studies in Ethiopia, Ghana, Senegal, and Uganda to examine accessibility, use, and demand for demographic data.
(8/2008 - 11/2009)
Population policy and demographic analysis

HIV/AIDS Evaluation, Assessment, and Formative Research (more)
The Council and partners are conducting several research, evaluation, and technical assistance activities on USAID-funded HIV/AIDS programs in Uganda.
(10/2008 - 11/2009)
HIV care, support, and treatment; Orphans and vulnerable children; People living with HIV

Africa Regional Sexual and Gender-based Violence Network (more)
The Population Council is providing technical assistance to a PEPFAR initiative to strengthen the delivery of comprehensive services, including postexposure prophylaxis, to victims of sexual violence.
(8/2006 - 12/2008)
Integrating health services; Sexual and gender-based violence

Understanding and Addressing the Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescents Living with HIV (more)
The Council’s FRONTIERS program assessed the fertility desires of adolescents living with HIV and developed an intervention to meet those needs.
(3/2007 - 1/2008)
Behavior change; HIV care, support, and treatment; Integrating health services; People living with HIV

Building Evaluation Capacity Among the Staff of the Straight Talk Program (more)
Population Council researchers provided technical assistance to Straight Talk program staff in Uganda to help them determine how young people use and understand the materials presented by this successful media campaign.
(12/2004 - 12/2006)
Behavior change; RTIs/STIs; Sexuality education

Succession Planning to Support AIDS-affected Children (more)
Population Council researchers with the Horizons program evaluated the effectiveness of a succession-planning program in Uganda that helps HIV-positive parents plan for their children’s long-term well-being.
(8/1999 - 1/2003)
HIV care, support, and treatment; Orphans and vulnerable children; People living with HIV

Resources

The limited effect of knowing they are HIV-positive on the sexual and reproductive experiences and intentions of infected adolescents in Uganda (abstract
Obare,Francis; Birungi,Harriet
Population Studies 64(1): 97-104
Publication date: 2010


Special needs of in-school HIV positive young people in Uganda
 (PDF
Obare,Francis; Birungi,Harriet; Katahoire,Anne; Nkayivu,Hannington; Kibenge,Aggrey David
Publication date: 2009


Demographic data for development in sub-Saharan Africa (PDF
Baldwin,Wendy; Diers,Judith A.
Poverty, Gender, and Youth Working Paper (no. 13)
Publication date: 2009


Demographic Data for Development: Uganda (PDF
Kibombo,Richard; Baldwin,Wendy; Engebretsen,Sarah
final report
Publication date: 2009


Preventive service needs of young people perinatally infected with HIV in Uganda (abstract
Birungi,Harriet; Obare,Francis; Mugisha,John Frank; Evelia,Humphres; Nyombi,Juliana K.
AIDS Care 21(6): 725-731
Publication date: 2009


Princess Savings Account frequently asked questions (PDF
Publication date: 2009


Safe and smart savings products for vulnerable adolescent girls in Kenya and Uganda: Case study (PDF
presented at Making Cents Youth Microenterprise Conference, Washington, DC, 29-30 September
Austrian,Karen; Ngurukie,Corrinne
Publication date: 2009


Sexual behavior and desires among adolescents perinatally infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Uganda: Implications for programming (abstract
Birungi,Harriet; Mugisha,John Frank; Obare,Francis; Nyombi,Juliana K.
Journal of Adolescent Health 44(2): 184-187
Publication date: 2009


The adolescent experience in-depth: Using data to identify and reach the most vulnerable young people--Uganda 2006 (PDF) (HTML
Publication date: 2009


Helping youth prevent HIV: An evaluation of the Straight Talk program in Uganda (PDF
Adamchak,Susan E.; Kiragu,Karusa; Watson,Cathy; Muhwezi,Medard; Nelson Sapiano,Tobey; Akia-Fiedler,Ann; Kibombo,Richard; Juma,Milka
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2008


Sexual and reproductive health needs of adolescents perinatally infected with HIV in Uganda (PDF
Birungi,Harriet; Mugisha,John Frank; Nyombi,Juliana K.; Obare,Francis; Evelia,Humphres; Nyinkavu,Hannington
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2008


Straight Talk increases knowledge, improves behavior (PDF
Population Briefs 14(1)
Publication date: 2008


Premarital sex and schooling transitions in four sub-Saharan African countries (PDF
Biddlecom,Ann E.; Gregory,Richard; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Mensch,Barbara S.
Poverty, Gender, and Youth Working Paper (no. 5)
Publication date: 2007


Sexuality of young people perinatally infected with HIV:

A neglected element in HIV/AIDS programming in Uganda
 (abstract) (PDF
Birungi,Harriet; Mugisha,John Frank; Nyombi,Juliana K.
Exchange on HIV/AIDS, Sexuality and Gender 3: 7-9
Publication date: 2007


The Straight Talk Campaign in Uganda: Impact of mass media initiatives--Summary report (PDF
Adamchak,Susan E.; Kiragu,Karusa; Watson,Cathy; Muhwezi,Medard; Nelson,Tobey C.; Akia-Fiedler,Ann; Kibombo,Richard; Juma,Milka
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2007


Transcending boundaries to improve the food security of HIV-affected households in rural Uganda: A case study (PDF
Coon,Katharine; Ogden,Jessica; Odolon,John; Obudi-Owor,Anthony; Otim,Charles; Byakigga,James; Spebanja,Peter
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2007


Cost of training programs and willingness to pay for training: An application of break-even analysis in Uganda (PDF
Mugumya,Nicholas; Nyombi,Juliana K.; Matsiko,Michael; Homan,Rick; Birungi,Harriet; Munguti,Nzoya
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2006


Are reproductive health NGOs in Uganda able to engage in the health SWAp? (abstract
Mugisha,John Frank; Birungi,Harriet; Askew,Ian
International Journal of Health Planning and Management 20(3): 227-238
Publication date: 2005


The global-local dilemma of a Ministry of Health: Experiences from Uganda (abstract
Jeppsson,Anders; Birungi,Harriet; Ostergren,Per-Olof; Hagstrom,Bo
Health Policy 72(3): 311-320
Publication date: 2005


Attracting youth to voluntary counseling and testing services in Uganda (PDF
McCauley,Ann P.; Juma,Milka; Kirumira,Edward; Kakande,Nelson; Geibel,Scott; Hitimana-Lukanika,C.; Lukenge,Daniel; Mukisa,Edith
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2004


Building the capacity of the Regional Center for Quality of Health Care, Makerere University, to train consumers of operations research 
Okullo,Joel; Foreit,James R.; Birungi,Harriet; Askew,Ian; Homan,Rick
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2004


Succession planning in Uganda: Early outreach for AIDS-affected children and their families (PDF
Horizons Program; Makerere University Department of Sociology; Plan Uganda
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2004


Community interaction in studies of gynaecological morbidity: Experiences in Egypt, India and Uganda 
Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Koenig,Michael A.; Elias,Christopher J.
from Reproductive Tract Infections and Other Gynaecological Disorders: A Multidisciplinary Research Approach, pp. 140-147
Publication date: 2003


Evaluation of United Nations-supported pilot projects for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Overview of findings (PDF
Rutenberg,Naomi; Baek,Carolyn; Kalibala,Sam; Rosen,James
HIV/AIDS Working Paper
Publication date: 2003


Family planning and PMTCT services: Examining interrelationships, strengthening linkages (PDF
Rutenberg,Naomi; Baek,Carolyn; Kankasa,Chipepo; Nduati,Ruth; Mbori-Ngacha,Dorothy; Siwale,Margaret; Geibel,Scott; Apicella,Louis
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2003


Improving quality of care for family planning services in Uganda (PDF
Okullo,Joel; Okello,Quinto; Birungi,Harriet; Askew,Ian; Janowitz,Barbara; Cuthbertson,Carmen; Ebanyat,Florence
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2003


Programme recommendations for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: A practical guide for managers (PDF
Rutenberg,Naomi; Kalibala,Sam; Baek,Carolyn; Rosen,James
HIV/AIDS Working Paper
Publication date: 2003


Selected DHS data on 10-14-year-olds: Uganda (PDF
annex to "Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey: Statistical tables for program planning"
Publication date: 2003


Succession planning in Uganda: Early outreach for AIDS-affected children and their families (PDF
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2003


Improving the quality of care for family planning services in Uganda: Results of a baseline survey 
Birungi,Harriet; Askew,Ian; Okullo,Joel; Okello,Quinto; Ebanyat,Florence
FRONTIERS Project Report
Publication date: 2002


Tools and training strengthen African AIDS groups (PDF
Population Briefs, Spring 2002 (HIV/AIDS edition)
Publication date: 2002


Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey--Statistical tables for program planning: Uganda 1995 (PDF
Publication date: 2001


HIV voluntary counseling and testing among youth ages 14 to 21: Results from an exploratory study in Nairobi, Kenya, and Kampala and Masaka, Uganda (PDF
Horizons Program; Kenya Project Partners; Uganda Project Partners
Horizons Baseline Report
Publication date: 2001


Involving communities improves program success [Arabic] (PDF
Population Briefs 7(4)
Publication date: 2001


Making a difference for children affected by AIDS: Baseline findings from operations research in Uganda (PDF
Gilborn,Laelia; Nyonyintono,Rebecca; Kabumbuli,Robert; Jagwe-Wadda,Gabriel
Horizons Report
Publication date: 2001


The policy on public-private mix in the Ugandan health sector: Catching up with reality (abstract
Birungi,Harriet; Mugisha,John Frank; Nsabagasani,Xavier; Okuonzi,Sam; Jeppsson,Anders
Health Policy and Planning 16(suppl 2): 80-87
Publication date: 2001


Voluntary HIV counseling and testing: Will it attract youth? [Arabic] (PDF
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2001


Are lessons from the education sector applicable to health care reforms? The case of Uganda (abstract
Okuonzi,Sam; Birungi,Harriet
International Journal of Health Planning and Management 15(3): 201-219
Publication date: 2000


What makes markets tick? Local governance and service delivery in Uganda 
Birungi,Harriet; Kwagala,Betty; Muwanga,Nansonzi; Onweng,Tobias; Trondsen,Eirik Jarl
Asian Review of Public Administration XII(1)
Publication date: 2000


Ethnicity and child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (PDF
Brockerhoff,Martin; Hewett,Paul C.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 107)
Publication date: 1998


Integrating STI/HIV services into existing MCH/FP programs (PDF
Africa OR/TA Project II Operations Research Summary
Publication date: 1998


Integration of STI and HIV/AIDS with MCH-FP services: A case study of the Busoga Diocese Family Life Education Program, Uganda (PDF
Mukaire,Joy; Kalikwani,Florence; Maggwa,Baker Ndugga
Africa OR/TA Project II
Publication date: 1997


Community-based AIDS prevention and care in Africa. Case studies from five African countries 
Community-Based AIDS Prevention and Care in Africa, Building on Local Initiatives
Publication date: 1994


Uganda Fast Facts

Population (millions)30.7
Total fertility rate6.7
Infant deaths per 1,000 live births76
Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births550
Girls aged 20-24 married by age 18 (%)46
HIV/AIDS prevalence (%)5.4
Living below US $2 per day (%)76

What's New

  • The Interagency Gender Working Group has published a new synthesis of evidence of the effect of equitable gender initiatives on reproductive health outcomes. All three of the Population Council’s research programs are featured in this volume entitled Gender Perspectives Improve Reproductive Health Outcomes: New Evidence. "We are proud of the Council's contribution to this and other evidence bases linked to improved reproductive health results," says John Townsend, director of the Council's Reproductive Health program. (offsite link)
  • Learn more about reproductive health vouchers by visiting the RH vouchers project page and blog maintained by Council program associate Ben Bellows. (more) (offsite link)

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