Population Council Research that makes a difference

Banner Photo: Girls on a hillside in Kenya

Overview

The Population Council has worked in Kenya since the 1960s when it helped to develop the country’s first population policy and program. During the following two decades, the Council provided support to the University of Nairobi and Kenya’s national family planning program. In 1988, the Council established what is now its largest office in sub-Saharan Africa, supporting work in Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

Program focus

Until the early 1990s, the Council concentrated on capacity building, fertility reduction, and contraceptive technologies. Since 1994, the Council has assisted Kenya in implementing a broader population policy based on recommendations of the International Conference on Population and Development. It has collaborated with Kenya's Ministry of Education, Ministry of Social Welfare, and NGOs involved in human rights, poverty alleviation, and social and gender equality. The AIDS pandemic prompted the Council to carry out research and interventions to reduce the transmission of HIV, highlight the particular vulnerability of young women, and mitigate the impact of HIV and AIDS on individuals, families, and society.

The Council’s vision over the coming years is to intensify its efforts to build the capacity of national partners; increase attention to cross-cutting issues of gender, sexuality, and health-related rights; strengthen healthcare systems; and improve reproductive health and the lives of vulnerable groups, especially adolescents.

Highlights of past and present work

  • Assisted the Government of Kenya in developing its first population policy in 1966.
  • Played a key role in the establishment of the Population Studies and Research Institute at the University of Nairobi.
  • Initiated a regional capacity-building program resulting in the formation of the African Population and Health Research Center, now a leading independent African research institution based in Nairobi.
  • Initiated a major national program to increase the availability of emergency contraception in Kenya.
  • Developed a health-facility-assessment methodology, termed "situation analysis," which was used in many countries and has subsequently been adapted by many organizations.
  • Developed the first family planning (FP) service-delivery guidelines, as well as the first policy guidance for community-based services.
  • Designed and tested innovative approaches to integrate services for reproductive health (RH), including FP, reproductive tract infections, STIs, postabortion care, antenatal care, postnatal care, and female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C).
  • Pioneered services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
  • Provided a framework for responding to sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) and launched a regional network in nine countries to strengthen and integrate medical and legal services for survivors of sexual violence.
  • Documented the advocacy and negotiation that led to development of the Kenya Sexual Offences Bill.
  • Completed a situation analysis of FGM/C programs throughout Kenya and supported the Ministry of Health (MOH) in developing national service guidelines for managing medical complications of FGM/C.
  • Developed and validated an innovative approach to reaching and sampling stigmatized populations, including men who have sex with men and male sex workers in Kenya.
  • Supported the MOH in preparing national guidelines for introducing and scaling up home-based maternal and postpartum care through private and community midwife networks.
  • Sustained nationwide expansion of the multisectoral "Kenya Adolescent RH" program by supporting three ministries and several development partners.

Projects

Addressing the Balance of Burden in AIDS (ABBA) (more)
The Population Council is working within the ABBA Research Programme Consortium on an intervention targeting adolescents in secondary schools in peri-urban communities in the Durban metro area of South Africa.
(6/2006 - ongoing)
HIV care, support, and treatment; Vulnerable populations

Developing Capacity for Targeted, Evidence-based Programming and Asset Building for Adolescent Girls (more)
The Council is helping to build the capacity of NGOs, UN country teams, and government agencies to develop effective health, social, and economic asset-building programs for adolescent girls.
(1/2008 - ongoing)
Financial literacy/livelihoods; Scaling up interventions; Schooling; Social isolation/support

ECafrique (more)
The African Forum on Emergency Contraception, or ECafrique, is a bilingual, international network of health care and business professionals that seeks to increase the availability of high-quality emergency contraception (EC) services in Africa.
(1/2002 - ongoing)
Access to contraceptive methods

Evaluation of Voucher and Accreditation Interventions for Improving Business Models Applied to Reproductive Health Service Delivery Platforms (more)
The Population Council is studying health voucher programs in East Africa and South Asia and sharing findings with national and global partners.
(10/2009 - 12/2012)
Health care financing; Newborn/infant health; Postpartum maternal care; Private/commercial-sector services; Safe pregnancy/antenatal and delivery care

AIDS, Population, and Health Integrated Assistance (APHIA II) Operations Research Project (more)
APHIA II is working with local partners in Kenya to test innovative interventions that can ensure high-quality reproductive health, family planning, and HIV/AIDS and related services to better address Kenya’s health needs.
(10/2008 - 10/2011)
Behavior change; HIV care, support, and treatment; Integrating health services; PMTCT and pediatric HIV; RTIs/STIs

Safe and Smart Savings Products for Vulnerable Adolescent Girls in Kenya and Uganda (more)
Working with financial institutions and girls’ programs in Kenya and Uganda, Council researchers are developing appropriate ways for adolescent girls to save money.
(6/2008 - 5/2011)
Financial literacy/livelihoods; Youth/transitions to adulthood

Encouraging the Abandonment of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) Among the Somali of Kenya (more)
The Council is conducting research in Kenya to inform the design and implementation of interventions to encourage abandonment of FGM/C.
(1/2009 - 1/2010)
Female genital mutilation/cutting

Friends of Youth (more)
Friends of Youth is a locally designed, culturally consistent adolescent reproductive health project taking place in Kenya.
(1/1994 - 3/2010)
Sexuality education

Kenya Adolescent Girls' Brain Trust (more)
The Kenya Adolescent Girls' Learning Network brings together adolescent girls' program providers and experts to share learning, develop program guidelines, and strengthen programming for adolescent girls in Kenya’s urban areas.
(6/2007 - 5/2010)
Schooling; Sexuality education

Assessing and Improving the Measurement of Sexual Behaviors (more)
Council researchers are conducting a series of studies assessing the reporting of sexual behavior in survey research and the use of audio computer-assisted self-interviews (audio-CASI) as a technique for providing more reliable and valid information.
(1/2000 - 1/2009)
Sexuality and sexual behavior

Building Programs for Adolescents in Kibera, Nairobi (more)
Council researchers are broadening understanding of the adolescent experience in slum areas of Nairobi, Kenya, and developing context-appropriate programs for them.
(6/2006 - 5/2009)
Financial literacy/livelihoods; Schooling; Urbanization, health, and the environment

Mainstreaming Emergency Contraception into Kenya's Public and Private Sectors (more)
This Council project focuses on providing emergency contraception in public- and private-sector facilities in Kenya, training providers, and creating awareness among the population as a whole.
(10/2006 - 3/2009)
Access to contraceptive methods

Africa Regional Sexual and Gender-based Violence Network (more)
The Population Council is providing technical assistance to a PEPFAR initiative to strengthen the delivery of comprehensive services, including postexposure prophylaxis, to victims of sexual violence.
(8/2006 - 12/2008)
Integrating health services; Sexual and gender-based violence

Feasibility, Effectiveness, and Cost of Models of Integrating Counseling and Testing for HIV Within Family Planning Services in Kenya (more)
Council researchers tested two models of integrating family planning and HIV counseling and testing (C&T) services in Kenya.
(7/2005 - 1/2008)
HIV care, support, and treatment; Integrating health services; Quality of care; RTIs/STIs

Highlighting Marital HIV Risk and Promoting Premarital Voluntary Counseling and Testing in Nyanza (more)
The Population Council mounted a large-scale educational campaign in Nyanza on the dangers of early marriage, establishing clubs for married girls, and promoting voluntary counseling and testing among newly married couples or those contemplating marriage.
(6/2005 - 3/2008)
Child marriage; HIV and children; Youth/transitions to adulthood

Institutionalizing a Successful Adolescent Reproductive Health and HIV Intervention Program: Expanding the Kenya Adolescent Reproductive Health Program Experience in Kenya (more)
Council researchers identified selected activities from the Kenya Adolescent Reproductive Health Program and institutionalized them within the study sites.
(9/2003 - 5/2008)
Community-based services; Scaling up interventions; Sexuality education

Integrating Tuberculosis Case Finding into Focused Antenatal Care (more)
Council researchers documented the feasibility of integrating TB detection within services for expectant mothers and prevention of mother-to-child transmission.
(8/2005 - 4/2008)
Integrating health services; Safe pregnancy/antenatal and delivery care

Managing and Preventing Female Genital Cutting (FGC) Among the Somali Community in Kenya (more)
Council research in Kenya worked to strengthen antenatal and delivery services in health facilities used by Somali women, among whom female genital cutting is almost universal; the project also includes a community component to encourage discussion and abandonment of FGC.
(6/2005 - 2/2008)
Female genital mutilation/cutting; Safe pregnancy/antenatal and delivery care

Strengthening Postnatal Care Services Including Early Postpartum Family Planning in Kenya (more)
Council researchers worked with Kenya's Division of Reproductive Health and ACCESS-FP/JHPIEGO to develop and introduce a strengthened postnatal care package for Kenyan women in selected facilities with maternity units.
(8/2006 - 3/2008)
Access to contraceptive methods; Integrating health services; Postpartum maternal care

Taking Critical Services to the Home: Scaling Up Home-based Maternal and Postnatal Care, Including Family Planning, Through Community Midwives (more)
Council research sought to improve access to skilled delivery care, newborn care, and post-delivery family planning services among women living in remote and resource-poor areas.
(1/2007 - 3/2008)
Community-based services; Integrating health services; Newborn/infant health; Private/commercial-sector services; Quality of care; Safe pregnancy/antenatal and delivery care; Scaling up interventions

Barriers to Uptake of Pediatric HIV Treatment and Care in Kenya: A Diagnostic Study (more)
Researchers with the Council’s Horizons program examined community awareness about pediatric HIV treatment in Kenya and barriers to caregivers in seeking treatment and care for their HIV-infected children in order to guide the development of a project to improve the uptake of pediatric treatment and care.
(3/2007 - 7/2007)
HIV care, support, and treatment; PMTCT and pediatric HIV; Stigma and discrimination

Beacon of Light: The Girl Guides Program—Mitigating the HIV Impact in Kenya by Involving Young Girl Guides and Their Parents (more)
Council researchers evaluated the impact of the Kenya Girl Guides Association program "Peer Education on HIV and AIDS Prevention."
(9/2004 - 6/2007)
HIV prevention; Sexuality education

Community-based Approaches to Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (more)
Council researchers examined the effectiveness of three community-based strategies in increasing women’s utilization of key PMTCT services in Kibera, an urban slum of Nairobi, Kenya.
(5/2004 - 4/2007)
Access to contraceptive methods; HIV care, support, and treatment; PMTCT and pediatric HIV

Evaluating the Effect of Stigma-reduction Interventions on PMTCT Providers and Clients (more)
Council researchers with the Horizons program examined whether stigma-reducing interventions change provider attitudes and increase demand and uptake of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission services in 40 health facilities in two high HIV-prevalent provinces with high HIV prevalence in Kenya.
(7/2005 - 4/2007)
HIV prevention; PMTCT and pediatric HIV; Stigma and discrimination

HIV Prevention with Positive People in Mombasa, Kenya: How Do We Support Them in the Community? (more)
Researchers with the Council’s Horizons program conducted formative research to address the gap in information about how to identify and access treatment-naïve HIV-positive persons in the community as a first step in designing and implementing a prevention with positives project in Mombasa, Kenya.
(4/2007 - 9/2007)
HIV care, support, and treatment; HIV prevention; People living with HIV

Operations Research Around the Introduction of Antiretrovirals in the Management of HIV-infected Individuals in Mombasa, Kenya (more)
The Council’s Horizons program tested an innovative DAART approach and compared it with the standard HAART approach in six health facilities in Kenya
(5/2003 - 6/2007)
HIV care, support, and treatment

Putting Food on the Table: An Exploration of Livelihood Strategies and Their Role in Maintaining Nutritional Status Among Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (more)
Research by the Council’s Horizons program aimed to explore and understand the role that livelihood strategies play and, in particular, the ability to achieve food security or adequate access to food in maintaining nutritional status among patients on antiretroviral therapy.
(5/2006 - 7/2007)
HIV care, support, and treatment

Reducing HIV/STI Risk and Improving Treatment for Male Sex Workers in Mombasa, Kenya (more)
The Council’s Horizons program conducted an intervention study in Mombasa, Kenya, to meet male sex workers’ health needs and promote behavior change among this population.
(1/2006 - 7/2007)
Men who have sex with men; Sex workers; Stigma and discrimination

School as a Workplace: Addressing the HIV Prevention and Care Needs of Teachers in Kenya (more)
A Council study tested a model of HIV prevention and care activities directed at teachers in schools.
(9/2004 - 7/2007)
Behavior change; HIV care, support, and treatment

Technical Cooperation with the Ministry of Health (MOH)/German Agency for Technical Co-operation (GTZ) Anti-Female Genital Cutting (FGC) Project in Kenya (more)
Council researchers provided technical assistance in support of eliminating FGM/C in Kenya.
(6/2003 - 10/2007)
Female genital mutilation/cutting

Understanding the Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption and VCT Utilization (more)
Population Council researchers studied alcohol and substance use among voluntary counseling and testing clients in order to inform an intervention to equip counselors to better screen and counsel clients about alcohol and substance use.
(9/2005 - 7/2007)
Behavior change; HIV care, support, and treatment

Resources

Implementation of clinic-based modified-directly observed therapy (m-DOT) for ART: Experiences in Mombasa, Kenya (abstract
Munyao,Paul; Luchters,Stanley; Chersich,Matthew F.; Kaai,Susan; Geibel,Scott; Mandaliya,Kishorchandra N.; Temmerman,Marleen; Rutenberg,Naomi; Sarna,Avina
AIDS Care 22(2): 187-194
Publication date: 2010


Safeguarding maternal and newborn health: Improving the quality of postnatal care in Kenya (abstract
Warren,Charlotte; Mwangi,Annie; Oweya,Erick; Kamunya,Rosemary; Koskei,Nancy
International Journal for Quality in Health Care 22(1): 24-30
Publication date: 2010


"APHIA II Operations Research Project in Kenya," brochure (PDF
Publication date: 2009


Standards required in maintaining the chain of evidence in the context of post rape care services: Findings of a study conducted in Kenya
 (PDF
Ajema,Carolyne; Rogena,Emily; Muchela,Hadley; Bwire,Buluma; Kilonzo,Nduku
Publication date: 2009


A religious oriented approach to addressing female genital mutilation/cutting among the Somali community of Wajir, Kenya (PDF
Sheikh Abdi,Maryam; Askew,Ian
FRONTIERS Report (updated March 2009)
Publication date: 2009


An assessment of sexual and gender based violence in Wajir district, North Eastern Kenya (PDF
Mwangi,Gladys K.; Jaldesa,Guyo
Publication date: 2009


Changes in sexual risk taking with antiretroviral treatment: Influence of context and gender norms in Mombasa, Kenya (abstract
Sarna,Avina; Chersich,Matthew F.; Okal,Jerry; Luchters,Stanley; Mandaliya,Kishorchandra N.; Rutenberg,Naomi; Temmerman,Marleen
Culture, Health and Sexuality 11(8): 783-797
Publication date: 2009


Directory of organizations in Kibera Nairobi 
Ochieng,Bentinck; Matheka,James K.
Publication date: 2009


Engaging men who have sex with men in operations research in Kenya (abstract
Onyango-Ouma,Washington; Birungi,Harriet; Geibel,Scott
Culture, Health and Sexuality 11(8): 827-839
Publication date: 2009


Enhancing promotion of the female condom (PDF
Population Briefs 15(2)
Publication date: 2009


Feasibility and effectiveness of integrating provider-initiated testing and counselling within family planning services in Kenya (abstract
Liambila,Wilson; Askew,Ian; Mwangi,Juma; Ayisi,Robert; Kibaru,Josephine; Mullick,Saiqa
AIDS 23(suppl 1): S115-S121
Publication date: 2009


Female-initiated prevention: Integrating female condoms into HIV risk-reduction activities in Kenya (PDF
Population Council; Liverpool VCT Care & Treatment
Publication date: 2009


'If you start thinking positively, you won't miss sex': Narratives of sexual (in)activity among people living with HIV in Nairobi's informal settlements (abstract) (HTML
Undie,Chi-Chi; Kasiira Ziraba,Abdhalah; Madise,Nyovani Janet; Kebaso,John; Kimani-Murage,Elizabeth
Culture, Health and Sexuality 11(8): 767-782
Publication date: 2009


Integrating financial education and savings opportunities into health interventions for adolescent girls in the Kibera slum of Nairobi, Kenya (PDF
in "Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Urban Health," Nairobi Kenya, 18-23 October
Austrian,Karen; Ngurukie,Corrinne; Sakwa,Caroline
Publication date: 2009


Kenyan in-school youths' level of understanding of abstinence, being faithful, and consistent condom use terms: Implications for HIV-prevention programs (abstract
Lillie,Tiffany; Pulerwitz,Julie; Curbow,Barbara
Journal of Health Communication 14(3): 276-292
Publication date: 2009


Kenya's fertility transition: Trends, determinants and implications for policy and programmes (PDF
Askew,Ian; Ezeh,Alex C.; Bongaarts,John; Townsend,John W.
Publication date: 2009


Mainstreaming emergency contraception (EC) in Kenya (PDF
Keesbury,Jill; Liambila,Wilson; Obare,Francis
ECafrique Final Project Report
Publication date: 2009


Overview of FGM/C in northeastern Kenya and the religious oriented approach (PDF
presentation at the Africa Grantmakers Affinity Group meeting, 26 February
Sheikh Abdi,Maryam
Publication date: 2009


Princess Savings Account frequently asked questions (PDF
Publication date: 2009


Safe and smart savings products for vulnerable adolescent girls in Kenya and Uganda: Case study (PDF
presented at Making Cents Youth Microenterprise Conference, Washington, DC, 29-30 September
Austrian,Karen; Ngurukie,Corrinne
Publication date: 2009


Sexual violence: Setting the research agenda for Kenya (PDF
Maternowska,Catherine; Keesbury,Jill; Kilonzo,Nduku
Publication date: 2009


Social context, sexual risk perceptions and stigma: HIV vulnerability among male sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya (abstract
Okal,Jerry; Luchters,Stanley; Geibel,Scott; Chersich,Matthew F.; Lango,Daniel; Temmerman,Marleen
Culture, Health and Sexuality 11(8): 811-826
Publication date: 2009


Taking critical services to the home: Lessons learnt from a community midwifery pilot project in Kenya (PDF
presentation at the XIX FIGO World Congress of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Cape Town, South Africa, 6 October
Mwangi,Annie; Warren,Charlotte; Askew,Ian
Publication date: 2009


The adolescent experience in-depth: Using data to identify and reach the most vulnerable young people--Kenya 2003 (PDF) (HTML
Publication date: 2009


The provision of emergency contraceptives in private sector pharmacies in urban Kenya: Experiences of mystery clients 
Obare,Francis; Keesbury,Jill; Liambila,Wilson
African Population Studies 24(1)
Publication date: 2009


"MSM consultation stimulates action to address 'the overlooked epidemic,'" fact sheet (PDF
Publication date: 2008


Adapting focused antenatal care: Lessons from three African countries (PDF
Birungi,Harriet
FRONTIERS Program Brief (no. 11)
Publication date: 2008


Factors associated with self-reported unprotected anal sex among male sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya (abstract
Geibel,Scott; Luchters,Stanley; King'ola,Nzioki; Esu-Williams,Eka; Rinyiru,Agnes; Tun,Waimar
Sexually Transmitted Diseases 35(8): 746-752
Publication date: 2008


Feasibility, acceptability, effect, and cost of integrating counseling and testing for HIV within family planning services in Kenya (PDF
Liambila,Wilson; Warren,Charlotte; Mullick,Saiqa; Askew,Ian; Homan,Rick; Mohammed,Ibrahim; Ayisi,Robert; Gitau,Margaret; Kibaru,Josephine; Gathitu,Mary; Maua,Judith; Jilo,Helton; Mwangi,Juma; Njoroge,John; Wanyoro,Anthony K.; Njuguna,Peter Mohammed; Mboche,Andrew
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2008


FGM/C in Kenya: A microcosm of Africa? (PDF
presentation at the Fifth International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Cutting, Washington, DC, 6 February
Sheikh Abdi,Maryam
Publication date: 2008


Food on the table: The role of livelihood strategies in maintaining nutritional status among ART patients in Kenya and Zambia (PDF
Samuels,Fiona; Rutenberg,Naomi; Simbaya,Joseph; Okal,Jerry; Kisengese,Nicodemus; Luchters,Stanley; Kaai,Susan; Geibel,Scott
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2008


From pilot to program: Scaling up the Kenya adolescent reproductive health project 
Evelia,Humphres; Nyambane,Japheth; Birungi,Harriet; Askew,Ian; Trangsrud,Rikka; Muthuuri,Eva; Chaami,Irene; Odawa,Agnes; Musyoka,Lucy; Mutungi,Susan; Githuiya,Margaret; Omuruli,Joan
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2008


'If you build it, will they come?' Kenya healthy start pediatric HIV study: A diagnostic study investigating barriers to HIV treatment and care among children (PDF
Kiragu,Karusa; Schenk,Katie D.; Murugi,Julie; Sarna,Avina
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2008


Integrating counseling and testing for HIV into family planning services in Kenya: National trainers manual 
Publication date: 2008


Is it feasible to integrate alcohol-related risk reduction counseling into VCT services? Findings from Kenya (PDF
Mackenzie,Caroline; Kiragu,Karusa; Odingo,George; Yassin,Rukia; Shikuku,Peter; Angala,Patrick; Kilonzo,Nduku; Sinkele,William; Akinyi,Melania
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2008


Kenya and Ethiopia: Community and religious leaders are effective advocates for HIV testing for young couples (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 80)
Publication date: 2008


Kenya: Integrating services for FP and HIV improves quality and HIV testing (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 78)
Publication date: 2008


Kenya: Islamic scholars find no religious justification for FGM/C (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 73)
Publication date: 2008


Kenya: Training can enhance providers' management of FGM/C and willingness to advocate against the practice (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 71)
Publication date: 2008


Malaria in pregnancy pilot projects nationally adopted in Kenya and Malawi (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 77)
Publication date: 2008


Managing and preventing female genital cutting (FGM/C) among the Somali community in Kenya (PDF
Sheikh Abdi,Maryam; Jaldesa,Guyo; Askew,Ian
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2008


Multisectoral youth RH interventions: The scale-up process in Kenya and Senegal (PDF
Joyce,Stephanie; Askew,Ian; Diagne,Anta Fall; Diop,Nafissatou J.; Evelia,Humphres
FRONTIERS Program Brief (no. 13)
Publication date: 2008


Obstetric fistula: Can community midwives make a difference? Findings from four districts in Kenya (PDF
Warren,Charlotte; Mwangi,Annie
Publication date: 2008


Reducing FGM/C among Somali girls in Kenya (PDF
Population Briefs 14(2)
Publication date: 2008


Safer sexual behaviours after 12 months of antiretroviral treatment in Mombasa Kenya: A prospective cohort (abstract) (PDF
Luchters,Stanley; Sarna,Avina; Geibel,Scott; Chersich,Matthew F.; Munyao,Paul; Kaai,Susan; Mandaliya,Kishorchandra N.; Shikely,Khadija; Rutenberg,Naomi; Temmerman,Marleen
AIDS Patient Care and STDs 22(7): 587-594
Publication date: 2008


School as a workplace in Kenya: Evaluation of the Teachers Matter HIV/AIDS project (PDF
Kiragu,Karusa; Mackenzie,Caroline; Weiss,Jennifer; Kimani,Murungaru; Gachuhi,Debbie
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2008


Sexual risk behavior and HAART: A comparative study of HIV-infected persons on HAART and on preventive therapy in Kenya (abstract
Sarna,Avina; Luchters,Stanley; Geibel,Scott; Kaai,Susan; Munyao,Paul; Shikely,Khadija; Mandaliya,Kishorchandra N.; van Dam,C.Johannes; Temmerman,Marleen
International Journal of STD and AIDS 19(2): 85-89
Publication date: 2008


Short- and long-term efficacy of modified directly-observed antiretroviral treatment in Mombasa, Kenya: A randomised trial (abstract
Sarna,Avina; Luchters,Stanley; Geibel,Scott; Chersich,Matthew F.; Munyao,Paul; Kaai,Susan; Mandaliya,Kishorchandra N.; Shikely,Khadija; Temmerman,Marleen; Rutenberg,Naomi
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 48(5): 611-619
Publication date: 2008


Strengthening postnatal care services including postpartum family planning in Kenya (PDF
Mwangi,Annie; Warren,Charlotte; Koskei,Nancy; Blanchard,Holly
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2008


Taking critical services to the home: Scaling-up home-based maternal and postnatal care, including family planning, through community midwifery in Kenya (PDF
Mwangi,Annie; Warren,Charlotte
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2008


Technical cooperation with the MOH/GTZ Anti-FGM/C Project in Kenya 
Evelia,Humphres; Sheikh Abdi,Maryam; Askew,Ian
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2008


"Community-based activities complement PMTCT programs in Kenya," fact sheet (PDF) (HTML
Publication date: 2007


Beacon of hope: Evaluation of the Kenya Girl Guides Association HIV/AIDS program for school children
 (PDF
Kiragu,Karusa; Odingo,George; Juma,Milka; Mbugua,Jane; Waweru,Magdalen; Mahinda,Wamuyu; Mwaniki,Beatrice; Muturi,Charity; Ochieng,Simon; Nelson,Tobey C.; McCauley,Ann P.
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2007


Addressing early marriage in areas of high HIV prevalence: A program to delay marriage and support married girls in rural Nyanza, Kenya (PDF
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Ayuka,Francis
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 19)
Publication date: 2007


Adolescence in the Kibera slums of Nairobi, Kenya (PDF
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Matheka,James K.
Publication date: 2007


'Are you on the market?': A capture-recapture enumeration of men who sell sex to men in and around Mombasa, Kenya (abstract
Geibel,Scott; van der Elst,Elisabeth M.; King'ola,Nzioki; Luchters,Stanley; Davies,Alun; Getambu,Esther M.; Peshu,Norbert; Graham,Susan M.; McClelland,R.Scott; Sanders,Eduard J.
AIDS 21(10): 1349-1354
Publication date: 2007


Casamento infantil no contexto da epidemia do VIH [Child marriage in the context of the HIV epidemic] (PDF
Bruce,Judith
Promover transições para a idade adulta saudáveis, seguras e produtivas Sumário (N 11)
Publication date: 2007


Changes in stigma among a cohort of people on antiretroviral therapy: Findings from Mombasa, Kenya (PDF
Kaai,Susan; Sarna,Avina; Luchters,Stanley; Geibel,Scott; Munyao,Paul; Mandaliya,Kishorchandra N.; Shikely,Khadija; Temmerman,Marleen; Rutenberg,Naomi
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2007


Community midwifery implementation guidelines: Taking midwifery services to the community 
Publication date: 2007


Community-based approaches to prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Findings from a low-income community in Kenya (PDF
Kaai,Susan; Baek,Carolyn; Geibel,Scott; Omondi,Peter; Ulo,Benson; Muthumbi,Grace; Nkatha,Carol; Rutenberg,Naomi
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2007


Contributing towards efforts to abandon female genital mutilation/cutting in Kenya: A situation analysis 
Evelia,Humphres; Sheikh Abdi,Maryam; Njue,Carolyne; Askew,Ian
Publication date: 2007


Equilibrar o campo de jogo: criar programas desportivos femininos no mundo em vias de desenvolvimento [Leveling the playing field: Building girls' sports programs in the developing world] (PDF
Brady,Martha
Promover transições para a idade adulta saudáveis, seguras e produtivas Sumário (N 1)
Publication date: 2007


Expanding safe spaces and developing skills for adolescent girls (PDF
Austrian,Karen
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 29)
Publication date: 2007


Expandir espaços seguros e desenvolver capacidades para raparigas adolescentes [Expanding safe spaces and developing skills for adolescent girls] (PDF
Austrian,Karen
Promover transições para a idade adulta saudáveis, seguras e produtivas Sumário (N 29)
Publication date: 2007


Focused antenatal care acceptable, tricky to implement (PDF
Population Briefs 13(1)
Publication date: 2007


Friends of Youth: A youth-adult HIV/AIDS behavior change program for urban Kenyan youth 
Ochieng,Bentinck; Erulkar,Annabel S.; Matheka,James K.; Oteba,Lawrence
Program Brief: Kenya
Publication date: 2007


Impact of a DAART intervention on ART adherence in Mombasa: Results from an 18 month randomized controlled study (PDF
presentation at the Horizons/Population Council Kenya National Dissemination Workshop, Nairobi, 29 August
Sarna,Avina; Luchters,Stanley; Geibel,Scott; Chersich,Matthew F.; Kaai,Susan; Shikely,Khadija; Mandaliya,Kishorchandra N.; Munyao,Paul; Rutenberg,Naomi
Publication date: 2007


Impact of antiretroviral therapy on household economics: Findings from Mombasa, Kenya (PDF
Homan,Rick; Jaikishan,Desai; Munyao,Paul; Sarna,Avina; Geibel,Scott
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2007


Integrating alcohol risk reduction counseling into VCT services in Kenya: Preliminary evaluation results (PDF
presentation at the Horizons/Population Council Kenya National Dissemination Workshop, Nairobi, 29 August
Mackenzie,Caroline; Kiragu,Karusa
Publication date: 2007


Kenya Pediatric HIV/AIDS Study (PDF
presentation at the Horizons/Population Council Kenya National Dissemination Workshop, Nairobi, 29 August
Kiragu,Karusa; Sarna,Avina; Schenk,Katie D.
Publication date: 2007


Kenya: Begin community dialogue on FGM/C by discussing cultural justification (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 59)
Publication date: 2007


Kenya: Mobilize health care providers to advocate against FGM/C (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 60)
Publication date: 2007


Kenya: Multisectoral engagement increases support for adolescent reproductive health (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 65)
Publication date: 2007


Leveling the playing field: Building girls' sports programs in the developing world (PDF
Brady,Martha
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 1)
Publication date: 2007


Mainstreaming and scaling up the Kenya Adolescent Reproductive Health Project (PDF
Askew,Ian; Evelia,Humphres
FRONTIERS Report
Publication date: 2007


Management of complications, pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period in the presence of FGM/C (PDF
Kenya Ministry of Health
Publication date: 2007


Preparedness of Kenyan health workers to deliver HIV/AIDS services (PDF
National AIDS and STD Control Programme; Ministry of Health Kenya; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Horizons Program
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2007


Promoting adherence through a directly administered antiretroviral therapy strategy in Mombasa, Kenya (PDF
Sarna,Avina; Luchters,Stanley; Geibel,Scott; Chersich,Matthew F.; Munyao,Paul; Homan,Rick; Kaai,Susan; Mandaliya,Kishorchandra N.; Temmerman,Marleen; Rutenberg,Naomi
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2007


School as a workplace in Kenya: Evaluation of the Teachers Matter HIV/AIDS Project (PDF
presentation at the Horizons/Population Council Kenya National Dissemination Workshop, Nairobi, 29 August
Mackenzie,Caroline; Kiragu,Karusa
Publication date: 2007


Sexual risk behaviors of HIV-positive persons receiving ART in Mombasa, Kenya: Longitudinal study findings (PDF
Luchters,Stanley; Sarna,Avina; Geibel,Scott; Chersich,Matthew F.; Munyao,Paul; Kaai,Susan; Mandaliya,Kishorchandra N.; Rutenberg,Naomi; Temmerman,Marleen
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2007


Sexual risk behaviors of persons receiving ART in Mombasa: Findings from a longitudinal study (PDF
presentation at the Horizons/Population Council Kenya National Dissemination Workshop, Nairobi, 29 August
Luchters,Stanley; Sarna,Avina; Geibel,Scott; Chersich,Matthew F.; Munyao,Paul; Kaai,Susan; Mandaliya,Kishorchandra N.; Rutenberg,Naomi; Temmerman,Marleen
Publication date: 2007


Situation analysis of the sexual and reproductive health and HIV risks and prevention needs of older orphaned and vulnerable children in Nyanza Province, Kenya (PDF
Juma,Milka; Askew,Ian; Ferguson,Alan
Publication date: 2007


ABC messages for HIV prevention in Kenya: Clarity and confusion, barriers and facilitators (PDF
Pulerwitz,Julie; Lillie,Tiffany; Apicella,Louis; McCauley,Ann P.; Nelson,Tobey C.; Ochieng,Simon; Mwarogo,Peter; Kiragu,Karusa; Kunyanga,Edward
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2006


ABCs for HIV prevention in Kenya: Messages, beliefs, and barriers (PDF
Pulerwitz,Julie; Lillie,Tiffany; Apicella,Louis; McCauley,Ann P.; Nelson,Tobey C.; Ochieng,Simon; Mwarogo,Peter; Kiragu,Karusa; Kunyanga,Edward
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2006


Acceptability and sustainability of the WHO focused antenatal care package in Kenya (PDF
Birungi,Harriet; Onyango-Ouma,Washington
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2006


Cost analysis of reproductive health services in PCEA Chogoria Hospital, Kenya (PDF
Munguti,Nzoya; Mokua,Moses; Homan,Rick; Birungi,Harriet
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2006


Female genital mutilation in Kenya: Evidence links health workers to FGM (PDF
Population Council; GTZ
policy brief
Publication date: 2006


Note from the field: Improving programs to support most vulnerable youth (PDF
Publication date: 2006


Preparedness for HIV/AIDS service delivery: The 2005 Kenya health workers survey (PDF
National AIDS and STD Control Programme; Ministry of Health Kenya
Publication date: 2006


Reproductive health update trainings for health workers in North Eastern Province, Garissa (PDF
Kenya Ministry of Health; Population Council
Publication date: 2006


Tap and Reposition Youth (TRY) Program: Providing social support, savings, and microcredit opportunities to adolescent girls at risk for HIV/AIDS in Kenya (PDF
Hall,Joan; Dondo,Aleke; Sebstad,Jennefer
Microfinance Brief
Publication date: 2006


Tap and Reposition Youth (TRY): Providing social support, savings, and microcredit opportunities for young women in areas with high HIV prevalence (PDF
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Bruce,Judith; Dondo,Aleke; Sebstad,Jennefer; Matheka,James K.; Khan,Arjmand Banu; Gathuku,Anne
SEEDS (no. 23)
Publication date: 2006


Tap and Reposition Youth (TRY): Providing social support, savings, and microcredit opportunities for young women in areas with high HIV prevalence (PDF
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Bruce,Judith; Chong,Erica; Dondo,Aleke; Sebstad,Jennefer; Matheka,James K.; Khan,Arjmand Banu; Gathuku,Anne
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 15)
Publication date: 2006


Tuko Pamoja: Adolescent reproductive health and life skills curriculum (PDF
Publication date: 2006


Understanding messages: Beliefs and barriers to ABCs in Kenya (HTML
Khan,Hena
Global AIDSLink 98
Publication date: 2006


Understanding the HIV/STI prevention needs of men who have sex with men in Kenya (PDF
Onyango-Ouma,Washington; Birungi,Harriet; Geibel,Scott
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2006


Evaluation of a savings and micro-credit program for vulnerable young women in Nairobi (PDF
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Chong,Erica
Publication date: 2005


Female genital cutting among the Somali of Kenya and management of its complications (PDF
Jaldesa,Guyo; Askew,Ian; Njue,Carolyne; Wanjiru,Monica
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2005


Introducing magnesium sulphate for the management of pregnancy induced hypertension (PDF
Safe Motherhood Policy Alert April 2005
Publication date: 2005


Non-consensual sexual experiences of young people in Kenya: Boys as perpetrators and victims 
Njue,Carolyne; Askew,Ian; Chege,Jane; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam
from Sex Without Consent: Young People in Developing Countries
Publication date: 2005


Repositioning post partum care in Kenya (PDF
Safe Motherhood Policy Alert April 2005
Publication date: 2005


Reproductive health: A communication challenge in the twenty-first century 
Fikree,Fariyal F.; Haider,Muhiuddin
from Global Public Health Communication: Challenges, Perspectives and Strategies, pp. 173-180
Publication date: 2005


Taking maternal services to pregnant women: The community midwifery model (PDF
Safe Motherhood Policy Alert
Publication date: 2005


The SMNH implementation framework for districts (PDF
Safe Motherhood Policy Alert
Publication date: 2005


Tuko Pamoja: A guide for talking with young people about their reproductive health (PDF
Publication date: 2005


Understanding the HIV/STI risks and prevention needs of men who have sex with men in Nairobi, Kenya (PDF
Onyango-Ouma,Washington; Birungi,Harriet; Geibel,Scott
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2005


What is youth friendly? Adolescents' preferences for reproductive health services in Kenya and Zimbabwe (abstract
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Onoka,Charles J.; Phiri,Alford
African Journal of Reproductive Health 9(3): 51-58
Publication date: 2005


A multi-sectoral approach to providing reproductive health information and services to young people in Western Kenya: The Kenya adolescent reproductive health project (PDF
Askew,Ian; Chege,Jane; Njue,Carolyne; Radeny,Samson
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2004


Behavior change evaluation of a culturally consistent reproductive health program for young Kenyans (abstract) (PDF
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Ettyang,Linus I.A.; Onoka,Charles J.; Nyagah,Fredrick K.; Muyonga,Alex
International Family Planning Perspectives 30(2): 58-67
Publication date: 2004


Consistency in the reporting of sexual behaviour by adolescent girls in Kenya: A comparison of interviewing methods (abstract
Hewett,Paul C.; Mensch,Barbara S.; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Sexually Transmitted Infections 80(suppl 2): ii43-ii48
Publication date: 2004


Gender differences in time use among adolescents in developing countries: Implications of rising school enrollment rates (PDF
Ritchie,Amanda; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Grant,Monica J.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 193)
Publication date: 2004


Introducing HAART in Kenya 
Hutchinson,Sherry
Tumaini 1(1): 28-29
Publication date: 2004


Medicalization of female genital cutting among the Abagusii in Nyanza Province, Kenya (PDF
Njue,Carolyne; Askew,Ian
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2004


Medicalization of FGC among the Abagusii, Kenya 
Africa Region Research Summary
Publication date: 2004


New findings from intervention research: Youth reproductive health and HIV prevention (PDF
Publication date: 2004


Reproductive health program for youth successful in Kenya (PDF
Population Briefs 10(3)
Publication date: 2004


Safe Motherhood Demonstration Project, Western Province: Final Report (PDF
Warren,Charlotte; Liambila,Wilson
Final Report
Publication date: 2004


Testing the effectiveness of integrating community-based approaches for encouraging abandonment of female genital cutting into CARE's reproductive health programs in Ethiopia and Kenya (PDF
Chege,Jane; Askew,Ian; Igras,Susan; Mutesh,Jacinta K.
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2004


The experience of sexual coercion among young people in Kenya (abstract) (PDF
Erulkar,Annabel S.
International Family Planning Perspectives 30(4): 182-189
Publication date: 2004


The feasibility of computer-assisted survey interviewing in Africa: Experience from two rural districts in Kenya (abstract
Hewett,Paul C.; Mensch,Barbara S.; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Social Science Computer Review 22(3): 319-334
Publication date: 2004


Understanding the practice of female genital cutting among the Somali of Kenya, and the management of its complications 
Africa Region Research Summary
Publication date: 2004


Building livelihood options for adolescent girls and boys in Kenya 
Khan,Arjmand Banu; Gathuku,Anne
Research Update
Publication date: 2003


Consistency in the reporting of sexual behavior among adolescent girls in Kenya: A comparison of interviewing methods (PDF
Hewett,Paul C.; Mensch,Barbara S.; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 182)
Publication date: 2003


Evaluation of United Nations-supported pilot projects for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Overview of findings (PDF
Rutenberg,Naomi; Baek,Carolyn; Kalibala,Sam; Rosen,James
HIV/AIDS Working Paper
Publication date: 2003


Family planning and PMTCT services: Examining interrelationships, strengthening linkages (PDF
Rutenberg,Naomi; Baek,Carolyn; Kankasa,Chipepo; Nduati,Ruth; Mbori-Ngacha,Dorothy; Siwale,Margaret; Geibel,Scott; Apicella,Louis
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2003


HIV voluntary counseling and testing: An essential component in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PDF
Rutenberg,Naomi; Kankasa,Chipepo; Nduati,Ruth; Mbori-Ngacha,Dorothy; Siwale,Margaret; Geibel,Scott; Apicella,Louis
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2003


Improving the reproductive health of adolescents in Kenya 
FRONTIERS Project Update (no. 4, April 2003)
Publication date: 2003


Infant feeding counseling within Kenyan and Zambian PMTCT services: How well does it promote good feeding practices? (PDF
Rutenberg,Naomi; Kankasa,Chipepo; Nduati,Ruth; Mbori-Ngacha,Dorothy; Siwale,Margaret; Geibel,Scott
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2003


Kenya: Communities support adolescent reproductive health education (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 33)
Publication date: 2003


Les inégalités liées au sexe à l'école découragent les jeunes Kényanes (PDF
Population Briefs, October 2003 (French edition)
Publication date: 2003


Programme recommendations for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: A practical guide for managers (PDF
Rutenberg,Naomi; Kalibala,Sam; Baek,Carolyn; Rosen,James
HIV/AIDS Working Paper
Publication date: 2003


Selected DHS data on 10-14-year-olds: Kenya (PDF
annex to "Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey: Statistical tables for program planning"
Publication date: 2003


The feasibility of computer-assisted survey interviewing in Africa: Experience from two rural districts in Kenya. (PDF
Hewett,Paul C.; Erulkar,Annabel S.; Mensch,Barbara S.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 168)
Publication date: 2003


Traditional birth attendants in maternal health programmes (PDF
Safe Motherhood Policy Alert
Publication date: 2003


A demonstration project on approaches to providing quality maternal care in Kenya: Findings from a baseline survey in four districts in Western Province, Kenya 
Robert H. Ebert Program on Critical Issues in Reproductive Health Publication Series
Publication date: 2002


Celebrating 50 years with over 30 years of achievements in Kenya 
Publication date: 2002


Emergency contraception operations research project Kakuma Refugee Camp, Kenya: Final report 
Muia,Esther G.; Fikree,Fariyal F.; Olenja,Joyce; Macharia,Lucy; Jagwer,Gregory
Publication date: 2002


Essential obstetric care manual for health service providers in Kenya 
Robert H. Ebert Program on Critical Issues in Reproductive Health Publication Series
Publication date: 2002


Evaluation of an emergency contraception introduction project in Kenya (abstract
Muia,Esther G.; Blanchard,Kelly; Lukhando,Moses; Olenja,Joyce; Liambila,Wilson
Contraception 66(4): 255-260
Publication date: 2002


Improving the reproductive health of adolescents in Kenya 
FRONTIERS Project Update (no. 2, March 2002)
Publication date: 2002


Improving the reproductive health of adolescents in Kenya 
FRONTIERS Project Update (no. 3, June 2002)
Publication date: 2002


Integrating HIV prevention and care into maternal and child health care settings: Lessons learned from Horizons studies (PDF
Rutenberg,Naomi; Kalibala,Sam; Mwai,Charles; Rosen,James
Horizons Report
Publication date: 2002


Integrating HIV prevention and care into maternal and child health care settings: Lessons learned from Horizons studies-July 23-27, 2001, Maasai Mara and Nairobi, Kenya, Consultation Report [Arabic] (PDF
Rutenberg,Naomi; Kalibala,Sam; Mwai,Charles; Rosen,James
Horizons Report
Publication date: 2002


Kenia: Sensibilizar a comunidades para que realicen ritos alternativos de iniciación con las niños [Kenya: Community sensitization must precede alternative coming-of-age rite] (PDF
FRONTERAS Resumen de Investigación Operative (número 19)
Publication date: 2002


Kenya: Community sensitization must precede alternative coming-of-age rite (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 27)
Publication date: 2002


Letting Girls Play: The Mathare Youth Sports Association's Football Program for Girls (PDF
Brady,Martha; Khan,Arjmand Banu
Publication date: 2002


Letting Girls Play: The Mathare Youth Sports Association's Football Program for Girls [Arabic] (PDF
Brady,Martha; Khan,Arjmand Banu
Publication date: 2002


Skills Training and Beyond: Expanding Livelihood Opportunities for Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Kenya 
Khan,Arjmand Banu; Leonard,Ann
Publication date: 2002


Socioeconomic status and risk of HIV infection in an urban population in Kenya (abstract
Hargreaves,James R.; Morison,Linda A.; Chege,Jane; Rutenberg,Naomi; Kahindo,Maina; Weiss,Helen A.; Hayes,Richard; Buve,Anne; Study Group on Heterogeneity of HIV Epidemics in African Cities
Tropical Medicine and International Health 7(9): 793-802
Publication date: 2002


Standards for maternal care in Kenya 
Robert H. Ebert Program on Critical Issues in Reproductive Health Publication Series
Publication date: 2002


Syndromic method poor at detecting STIs in women (PDF
Population Briefs, Spring 2002 (HIV/AIDS edition)
Publication date: 2002


Tools and training strengthen African AIDS groups (PDF
Population Briefs, Spring 2002 (HIV/AIDS edition)
Publication date: 2002


Using operations research to strengthen programmes for encouraging abandonment of female genital cutting. Report of a consultative meeting on methodological issues for FGC Research, April 9-11, 2002. Nairobi, Kenya (PDF
FRONTIERS Report
Publication date: 2002


A case study of Nairobi City Council's decentralised syphilis screening programme in antenatal clinics (PDF
Maggwa,Baker Ndugga; Askew,Ian; Mugwe,Elizabeth; Hagembe,Bilhah; Homan,Rick
FRONTIERS Report
Publication date: 2001


An assessment of the alternative rites approach for encouraging abandonment of female genital mutilation in Kenya (PDF
Chege,Jane; Askew,Ian; Liku,Jennifer
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2001


Contraceptive use dynamics in Kenya: Further analysis of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data 
Magadi,Monica Akinyi; Zulu,Eliya Msiyaphazi; Ezeh,Alex C.; Curtis,Sian
African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC) and MEASURE Evaluation Project
Publication date: 2001


Factors associated with unfavourable birth outcomes in Kenya (abstract
Magadi,Monica Akinyi; Madise,Nyovani Janet; Diamond,Ian
Journal of Biosocial Science 33(2): 199-225
Publication date: 2001


Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey--Statistical tables for program planning: Kenya 1998 (PDF
Publication date: 2001


HIV voluntary counseling and testing among youth ages 14 to 21: Results from an exploratory study in Nairobi, Kenya, and Kampala and Masaka, Uganda (PDF
Horizons Program; Kenya Project Partners; Uganda Project Partners
Horizons Baseline Report
Publication date: 2001


Improving the reproductive health of adolescents in Kenya, A report on the baseline study in two districts in western Kenya 
FRONTIERS Project Update July 2001 (no. 1)
Publication date: 2001


Kenia: Detectar la sifilis durante la consulta prenatal resulta costo-efectivo [Kenya: On-site antenatal syphilis services are cost-effective] (PDF
FRONTERAS Resumen de Investigación Operative (no. 16)
Publication date: 2001


Kenya update: FRONTIERS adolescent reproductive health project (PDF
FRONTIERS Project Update (no. 1)
Publication date: 2001


Kenya: Mise á disposition de services de planification familiale dans les pavillons hospitaliers (PDF
FRONTIERES Résumés de Recherche Opérationnelle (no. 5)
Publication date: 2001


Kenya: On-site antenatal syphilis services are cost-effective (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 22)
Publication date: 2001


Premarital sex, schoolgirl pregnancy, and school quality in rural Kenya (abstract) (PDF
Mensch,Barbara S.; Clark,Wesley H.; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Studies in Family Planning 32(4): 285-301
Publication date: 2001


The reporting of sensitive behavior among adolescents: A methodological experiment in Kenya (PDF
Mensch,Barbara S.; Hewett,Paul C.; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 151)
Publication date: 2001


Voluntary HIV counseling and testing: Will it attract youth? [Arabic] (PDF
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2001


Enhancing the use of emergency contraception in a refugee setting: Findings from a baseline survey in Kakuma refugee camps, Kenya (PDF
Muia,Esther G.; Olenja,Joyce
Publication date: 2000


Frequency and timing of antenatal care in Kenya: Explaining the variations between women of different communities (abstract
Magadi,Monica Akinyi; Madise,Nyovani Janet; Nascimento Rodrigues,Roberto
Social Science and Medicine 51(4): 551-561
Publication date: 2000


Integrating men into the reproductive health equation: Acceptability and feasibility in Kenya (PDF
Muia,Esther G.; Kimani,Violet; Leonard,Ann
Robert H. Ebert Program on Critical Issues in Reproductive Health Publication Series
Publication date: 2000


Kenia: La identificación de las ITR sigue siendo un problema: la prevención es esencial (PDF
FRONTERAS Resúmenes de Investigación Operativa (número 7)
Publication date: 2000


Kenia: Ofrezca servicios de planificación familiar en salas hospitalarias (PDF
FRONTERAS Resúmenes de Investigación Operativa (número 4)
Publication date: 2000


Kenya: Identifying RTIs remain problematic: Prevention is essential (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 9)
Publication date: 2000


Kenya: L'identification des IAR demeure hasardeuse: la prévention est primordiale (PDF
FRONTIERES Résumés de Recherche Opérationnelle (no. 9)
Publication date: 2000


Kenya: Offer family planning on hospital wards (PDF
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 5)
Publication date: 2000


Overview of youth centre assessments in Kenya, Zimbabwe and Ghana 
Publication date: 2000


Slum residence and adverse health consequences linked in Kenya [Arabic] (PDF
Population Briefs 6(3)
Publication date: 2000


What do Kenyan family planning clients and university students think of emergency contraception? (abstract
Muia,Esther G.; Ellertson,Charlotte; Lukhando,Moses; Elul,Batya; Clark,Shelley; Olenja,Joyce; Westley,Elizabeth
African Journal of Reproductive Health 4(1): 77-87
Publication date: 2000


Creating linkages between incomplete abortion treatment and family planning services in Kenya (abstract) (PDF
Solo,Julie; Billings,Deborah L.; Aloo-Obunga,Colette; Ominde,Achola; Makumi,Margaret
Studies in Family Planning 30(1): 17-27
Publication date: 1999


Creating linkages between incomplete abortion treatment and family planning services in Kenya 
Solo,Julie; Billings,Deborah L.; Aloo-Obunga,Colette; Ominde,Achola; Makumi,Margaret; Huntington,Dale; Piet-Pelon,Nancy J.
from Postabortion Care: Lessons from Operations Research, pp. 38-60
Publication date: 1999


Emergency contraception in Nairobi, Kenya: Knowledge, attitudes and practices among policymakers, family planning providers and clients, and university students (abstract
Muia,Esther G.; Lukhando,Moses; Elul,Batya; Clark,Shelley; Olenja,Joyce
Contraception 60(4): 223-232
Publication date: 1999


Expanding men's participation in reproductive health in Kenya (PDF
Fapohunda,Bolaji M.; Rutenberg,Naomi
Publication date: 1999


Improving the management of STIs among MCH/FP clients at the Nakuru Municipal Council health clinics (PDF
Solo,Julie; Maggwa,Baker Ndugga; Wabaru,James Kariba; Kariuki,Bedan Kiare; Maitha,Gregory
Africa OR/TA Project II
Publication date: 1999


Migration, sexual behavior, and the risk of HIV in Kenya (abstract
Brockerhoff,Martin; Biddlecom,Ann E.
International Migration Review 33(4): 833-856
Publication date: 1999


Normative versus instrumental functions: Evidence of social network differentiation among rural Kenyan men (PDF
Green,Steven,R.
Connections 22(2): 37-49
Publication date: 1999


Premarital sex and school dropout in Kenya: Can schools make a difference? (PDF
Mensch,Barbara S.; Clark,Wesley H.; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 124)
Publication date: 1999


The cost of health services at the facilities level of the Nakuru Municipal Council, Nakuru, Kenya (PDF
Thompson,Andrew; Janowitz,Barbara; Solo,Julie
Africa OR/TA Project II
Publication date: 1999


Adolescent experiences and lifestyles in Central Province, Kenya: A baseline report 
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Karueru,J.P.M.; King'ola,Nzioki; Nyagah,Fredrick K.; Ochieng,Bentinck
Publication date: 1998


Do Population Policies Matter? Fertility and Politics in Egypt, India, Kenya, and Mexico 
Publication date: 1998


El Método COPE para mejorar el cuidado de la atención: La experiencia de la Asociación para la Planificación Familiar de Kenia 
Bradley,Janet; Bruce,Judith; Diaz,Soledad; Huezo,Carlos; Mworia,Kalimi
Quality/Calidad/Qualité (no. 9)
Publication date: 1998


Ethnicity and child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (PDF
Brockerhoff,Martin; Hewett,Paul C.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 107)
Publication date: 1998


Fertility and agricultural change in Kenya, 1979-1989 
Wasao,Samson W.
African Population Policy Research Center Working Paper (no. 1)
Publication date: 1998


Gender differences in the schooling experiences of adolescents in low-income countries: The case of Kenya (abstract) (PDF
Mensch,Barbara S.; Lloyd,Cynthia B.
Studies in Family Planning 29(2): 167-184
Publication date: 1998


Integrating STI/HIV services into existing MCH/FP programs (PDF
Africa OR/TA Project II Operations Research Summary
Publication date: 1998


Involving policy makers and health-care providers in enhancing the use of emergency contraception: The Kenya experience 
Muia,Esther G.; Lukhando,Moses; Elul,Batya; Clark,Shelley; Olenja,Joyce
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Eastern and Central Africa 14(1): 25-30
Publication date: 1998


Kenya's population policy: From apathy to effectiveness 
Ajayi,Ayorinde; Kekovole,John; Jain,Anrudh K.
from Do Population Policies Matter? Fertility and Politics in Egypt, India, Kenya, and Mexico, pp. 113-156
Publication date: 1998


Levels, trends and correlates of demand for children in Kenya 
Fapohunda,Bolaji M.
African Population Policy Research Center Working Paper (no. 6)
Publication date: 1998


Migration, sexual behavior and HIV diffusion in Kenya (PDF
Brockerhoff,Martin; Biddlecom,Ann E.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 111)
Publication date: 1998


The effects of primary school quality on the educational participation and attainment of Kenyan girls and boys (PDF
Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Mensch,Barbara S.; Clark,Wesley H.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 116)
Publication date: 1998


The evolution and role of family planning programs in fertility change in Kenya 
Toroitich-Ruto,Cathy
African Population Policy Research Center Working Paper (no. 3)
Publication date: 1998


Trends and correlates of contraceptive use in Kenya, 1977-1993 
Mburugu,Edward; Zulu,Eliya Msiyaphazi
African Population Policy Research Center Working Paper (no. 4)
Publication date: 1998


Trends and correlates of unmet need for contraception in Kenya 
Kekovole,John
African Population Policy Research Center Working Paper (no. 5)
Publication date: 1998


Using COPE to improve quality of care: The experience of the Family Planning Association of Kenya (PDF
Bradley,Janet; Bruce,Judith; Diaz,Soledad; Huezo,Carlos; Mworia,Kalimi
Quality/Calidad/Qualité (no. 9)
Publication date: 1998


An assessment of community-based family planning programs in Kenya (PDF
Chege,Jane; Askew,Ian
Africa OR/TA Project II Final Report
Publication date: 1997


Excess fertility, unintended births and children's schooling 
Montgomery,Mark R.; Lloyd,Cynthia B.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 100)
Publication date: 1997


Gender differences in the schooling experiences of adolescents in low-income countries: The case of Kenya (PDF
Mensch,Barbara S.; Lloyd,Cynthia B.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 95)
Publication date: 1997


Integration of STI and HIV/AIDS with MCH-FP Services: A case study of the Nakuru Municipal Council's project on strengthening STD/AIDS control (PDF
Wabaru,James Kariba; Kariuki,Bedan Kiare; Maggwa,Baker Ndugga
Africa OR/TA Project II
Publication date: 1997


Schooling and the experience of adolescents in Kenya 
Ajayi,Ayorinde; Clark,Wesley H.; Erulkar,Annabel S.; Hyde,Karin; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Mensch,Barbara S.; Ndeti,Cecilia; Ravitch,Barry; Masiga,Elisabeth; Gichaga,Shiprah
Publication date: 1997


The buzz outside the clinics: Conversations and contraception in Nyanza Province, Kenya (abstract
Rutenberg,Naomi; Watkins,Susan Cotts
Studies in Family Planning 28(4): 290-307
Publication date: 1997


Youth centres in Kenya: Evaluation of the Family Planning Association of Kenya programme 
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Mensch,Barbara S.
Publication date: 1997


Components of Kenya's Future Population Growth and Population Policy Implications 
Kekovole,John
Policy Paper
Publication date: 1996


Integration of STI and HIV/AIDS services with MCH/FP services: A case study of the Mkomani Clinic Society in Mombasa, Kenya (PDF
Twahir,Amina; Maggwa,Baker Ndugga; Askew,Ian
Africa OR/TA Project II
Publication date: 1996


Reproductive tract infection. Lessons learned from the field: Where do we go from here? (PDF
Grant,Jennifer; Measham,Diana
Robert H. Ebert Program on Critical Issues in Reproductive Health Publication Series
Publication date: 1996


Unsafe Abortion in Kenya. Findings from Eight Studies 
Rogo,Khama; Leonard,Ann
Publication date: 1996


Child mortality in East Africa: The impact of preventive health care 
Brockerhoff,Martin
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 76)
Publication date: 1995


Community-based AIDS prevention and care in Africa. Case studies from five African countries 
Community-Based AIDS Prevention and Care in Africa, Building on Local Initiatives
Publication date: 1994


Gender Inequalities and Demographic Behavior: Ghana/Kenya 
Gage,Anastasia J.; Njogu,Wamucii
Publication date: 1994


Adolescent sexuality and fertility in Kenya: A survey of knowledge, perceptions, and practices (abstract
Ajayi,Ayorinde; Marangu,Leah T.; Miller,Janice; Paxman,John M.
Studies in Family Planning 22(4): 205-216
Publication date: 1991


Hanover Street: Un experimento de capacitacion femenina en soladadura y carpinteria 
Antrobus,Peggy; Rogers,Barbara
SEEDS (no. 2)
Publication date: 1983


Hanover Street: An experiment to train women in welding and carpentry 
Antrobus,Peggy; Rogers,Barbara
SEEDS (no. 2)
Publication date: 1980


Kenya Fast Facts

Population (millions)39.1
Total fertility rate4.9
Infant deaths per 1,000 live births67
Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births560
Girls aged 20-24 married by age 18 (%)25
HIV/AIDS prevalence (%)7.4
Living below US $2 per day (%)40

What's New

  • The Interagency Gender Working Group has published a new synthesis of evidence of the effect of equitable gender initiatives on reproductive health outcomes. All three of the Population Council’s research programs are featured in this volume entitled Gender Perspectives Improve Reproductive Health Outcomes: New Evidence. "We are proud of the Council's contribution to this and other evidence bases linked to improved reproductive health results," says John Townsend, director of the Council's Reproductive Health program. (offsite link)
  • The first-ever compendium of best practices in reproductive health in Kenya was launched in Nairobi on 16 February 2010 by Kenya's Ministry of Health. Four of the eight case studies included were drawn from Population Council activities in Kenya. (more)
  • Learn more about reproductive health vouchers by visiting the RH vouchers project page and blog maintained by Council program associate Ben Bellows. (more) (offsite link)
  • The current issue of Momentum highlights Council initiatives in Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America, where we are reaching marginalized girls with programs for education and economic and social growth. (PDF)
  • New project: Developing Capacity for Targeted, Evidence-based Programming and Asset Building for Adolescent Girls (more)

Get Involved

Connect

  • Visit our Facebook page
  • Follow us on Twitter
  • Visit our Youtube channel